TYPICAL
CRITERIA
CIPP
Lining
(Gravity)
CIPP
Lining
(Pressure)
Pipe
Bursting
Slip
Lining
Spray-in-Place
Pipe
Lining
(SIPP)
Spiral
Wound
Lining
Close
Fit Liners
Pipe Diameter
8
-120
inches
8
-72 inches
4
-36 inches
8
-120
inches
30
-120
inches
6
-120+
inches
6
-72 inches
Application
Gravity
Pressure
Gravity
or Pressure
Gravity
or Pressure
Pressure
and
Some
Gravity
Gravity
Gravity
or Pressure
Maximum
Length
1,000+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size
and geometry.
500'+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size
and geometry.
500
feet
1,000+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe geometry.
1,500
feet
1,000
600+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size,
pipe geometry,
and
1,000+
feet
or between
manholes.
Dependent
on
pipe
Materials
Felt
Tube
or Reinforeced
Tube
+
Resin
Reinforced
Tube
+Specialty
Resin
HDPE replacement
pipe
most
common.
Other
materials
possible.
HDPE,
PVC,
and
GRP
most
common.
Other
materials
possible.
Cement
Mortar,
Epoxy,
Polyurethane,
and others.
PVC
HDPE
and
PVC
Corrosion
(e.g.,
Hydrogen
Sulfide,
etc.) Resistance
High
High
High
High
High (non-cementitious
liners)
-
Moderate
(cementitious
liners)
High
High
Expected
Design-Life
(Longevity)
50+
Years
50+
Years
50+
Years
50+
Years
Depends
on
level
of corrosive
environment
(20+
years)
50+
Years
50+
Years
Capacity
Impact
Little
to
none
Little
to
none
None
or
can increase
capacity
Moderate
to significant
(over
25%
loss)
Little
to moderate
Moderate
to significant
(over
25%
loss)
Little
to moderate
Can
Host
Pipe
be Deformed
or
Misaligned?
Limited
Ability
(max
of
10%
ovality
before
requiring
special
materials
and design)
Limited
Ability
(max
of
10%
ovality
before
requiring
special
materials
and design)
Yes.
Bursting
head
must
fit
through
deformation
or
misalignment.
Potentially.
New
sliplining
pipe
must
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Yes.
May
require
special
design.
Depends
on whether
structural
enhancement
needed.
Potentially.
New
pipe
designed
to
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Potentially.
New
pipe
must
fit
designed
to
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Fits
into Non-circular
Pipe
Geometry
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Excavation
Required
Only
where
manhole
cone
must
be removed
or
for
liner
launch
in large
diameter
applications.
Yes,
for
liner
launch
and
termination
and
where
some
deflections
and appurtenances
are located.
Yes.
For
launch
and retrieval
pits,
lateral
connections,
and
bends
Yes.
For
launch
and
termination
pits, sometimes
laterals
No
Only
where
manhole
cone
must
be removed
Yes.
For Launch
and
termination
pits, sometimes
laterals
Infiltration
while
Installing
Somewhat
problematic
Problematic
Not problematic
Not problematic
Problematic
Not problematic
Somewhat
problematic
Bypass
Required
Yes
Yes
Yes
Not
always
Yes
Not
always
Yes
Structural
Improvement
(AWWA
M28)
Moderate
(semi-structural)
to
High
(fully structural)
High
(fully
structural
for 24-
inches).
(For
greater
than
24
inch,
project
specific
design
anaylsis
required.)
High
(fully
structural)
High
(fully structural)
Minor
to Moderate
(non-
cementitious
liners)
and
Moderate
(cementitious
liners)
High
(fully structural)
Moderate
(semi-structural)
to
High
(fully structural)
Constructability
Moderately
challenging
Challenging
Moderately
challenging
Least challenging
Most challenging
because
of
pre-lining
pipe preparation
requirements.
Moderately
challenging
Moderately
challenging
Risk
of Unsuccessful
Installation
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Low
High
Low
Low
Relative
Public
Impacts
Low
to Medium
Low
to Medium
Medium
to
High
(lateral
reconnection)
Low
to Medium
(bell
and
spigot)
/High
(fused
pipe)
Lowest
Low
High
Relative
Cost
$$
$$$
$$
$$
$
$$
$$$
© 2025
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology.
All rights
reserved.
By using
this material,
you
accept
and
agree
to
be bound
by
the following
terms.
If you
do
not
want
to agree
to these
terms,
you
must
not
use
or access
this material.
This material
is provided
for general
informational
purposes
only.
This material
is provided
AS-IS.
Neither
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology
(NASTT)
nor
any
of
its representatives
make
any representation
or warranty,
expressed
or implied,
as
to
the
accuracy,
quality,
usefulness,
completeness,
non-infringement,
or fitness
for
a particular
purpose
of
this material.
Any reliance
you
place
on
this material
is strictly
at your
own
risk.
Neither
NASTT
nor
any
of
its
representatives
shall
be liable
to
you
or
any
third
party
relating
to
or resulting
from
your
use
of
or access
to
any
of
this material
or
any
errors
therein
or omissions
therefrom.
In
no event
shall
the aggregate
and collective
liability
of NASTT
and
its representatives
arising
out
or related
to
this material
exceed
$100.00.
Consult
a professional
before
making
any decisions
based
on
the contents
of
this material.
NASTT
equips
and empowers
its members
to thrive
in their
careers.
NASTT
provides
solutions
needed
to grow
expertise
and knowledge,
build
professional
networks,
advance
careers
and businesses,
save
time
and
money
and
stay informed
in
a changing
world.
TRENCHLESS
TECHNOLOGY
OVERVIEW
GUIDE: REHABILITATION
(07-09-25)
*Proper
engineering
evaluation
needs
to
be
done
on
each
project
individually
to confirm
feasibility
and applicability
for
each
specific
technology.
Technological
advancements
continue
every
year
and
this
is
a snap
shot
in time
for reference
perposes,
it
is important
to contact
your
local
NASTT
Chapter
for
more
market
secif
resources.
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology
nastt.org
CRITERIA
CIPP
Lining
(Gravity)
CIPP
Lining
(Pressure)
Pipe
Bursting
Slip
Lining
Spray-in-Place
Pipe
Lining
(SIPP)
Spiral
Wound
Lining
Close
Fit Liners
Pipe Diameter
8
-120
inches
8
-72 inches
4
-36 inches
8
-120
inches
30
-120
inches
6
-120+
inches
6
-72 inches
Application
Gravity
Pressure
Gravity
or Pressure
Gravity
or Pressure
Pressure
and
Some
Gravity
Gravity
Gravity
or Pressure
Maximum
Length
1,000+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size
and geometry.
500'+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size
and geometry.
500
feet
1,000+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe geometry.
1,500
feet
1,000
600+
feet. Dependent
on
pipe
size,
pipe geometry,
and
1,000+
feet
or between
manholes.
Dependent
on
pipe
Materials
Felt
Tube
or Reinforeced
Tube
+
Resin
Reinforced
Tube
+Specialty
Resin
HDPE replacement
pipe
most
common.
Other
materials
possible.
HDPE,
PVC,
and
GRP
most
common.
Other
materials
possible.
Cement
Mortar,
Epoxy,
Polyurethane,
and others.
PVC
HDPE
and
PVC
Corrosion
(e.g.,
Hydrogen
Sulfide,
etc.) Resistance
High
High
High
High
High (non-cementitious
liners)
-
Moderate
(cementitious
liners)
High
High
Expected
Design-Life
(Longevity)
50+
Years
50+
Years
50+
Years
50+
Years
Depends
on
level
of corrosive
environment
(20+
years)
50+
Years
50+
Years
Capacity
Impact
Little
to
none
Little
to
none
None
or
can increase
capacity
Moderate
to significant
(over
25%
loss)
Little
to moderate
Moderate
to significant
(over
25%
loss)
Little
to moderate
Can
Host
Pipe
be Deformed
or
Misaligned?
Limited
Ability
(max
of
10%
ovality
before
requiring
special
materials
and design)
Limited
Ability
(max
of
10%
ovality
before
requiring
special
materials
and design)
Yes.
Bursting
head
must
fit
through
deformation
or
misalignment.
Potentially.
New
sliplining
pipe
must
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Yes.
May
require
special
design.
Depends
on whether
structural
enhancement
needed.
Potentially.
New
pipe
designed
to
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Potentially.
New
pipe
must
fit
designed
to
fit
in minimum
dimension.
Fits
into Non-circular
Pipe
Geometry
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Excavation
Required
Only
where
manhole
cone
must
be removed
or
for
liner
launch
in large
diameter
applications.
Yes,
for
liner
launch
and
termination
and
where
some
deflections
and appurtenances
are located.
Yes.
For
launch
and retrieval
pits,
lateral
connections,
and
bends
Yes.
For
launch
and
termination
pits, sometimes
laterals
No
Only
where
manhole
cone
must
be removed
Yes.
For Launch
and
termination
pits, sometimes
laterals
Infiltration
while
Installing
Somewhat
problematic
Problematic
Not problematic
Not problematic
Problematic
Not problematic
Somewhat
problematic
Bypass
Required
Yes
Yes
Yes
Not
always
Yes
Not
always
Yes
Structural
Improvement
(AWWA
M28)
Moderate
(semi-structural)
to
High
(fully structural)
High
(fully
structural
for 24-
inches).
(For
greater
than
24
inch,
project
specific
design
anaylsis
required.)
High
(fully
structural)
High
(fully structural)
Minor
to Moderate
(non-
cementitious
liners)
and
Moderate
(cementitious
liners)
High
(fully structural)
Moderate
(semi-structural)
to
High
(fully structural)
Constructability
Moderately
challenging
Challenging
Moderately
challenging
Least challenging
Most challenging
because
of
pre-lining
pipe preparation
requirements.
Moderately
challenging
Moderately
challenging
Risk
of Unsuccessful
Installation
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Low
High
Low
Low
Relative
Public
Impacts
Low
to Medium
Low
to Medium
Medium
to
High
(lateral
reconnection)
Low
to Medium
(bell
and
spigot)
/High
(fused
pipe)
Lowest
Low
High
Relative
Cost
$$
$$$
$$
$$
$
$$
$$$
© 2025
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology.
All rights
reserved.
By using
this material,
you
accept
and
agree
to
be bound
by
the following
terms.
If you
do
not
want
to agree
to these
terms,
you
must
not
use
or access
this material.
This material
is provided
for general
informational
purposes
only.
This material
is provided
AS-IS.
Neither
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology
(NASTT)
nor
any
of
its representatives
make
any representation
or warranty,
expressed
or implied,
as
to
the
accuracy,
quality,
usefulness,
completeness,
non-infringement,
or fitness
for
a particular
purpose
of
this material.
Any reliance
you
place
on
this material
is strictly
at your
own
risk.
Neither
NASTT
nor
any
of
its
representatives
shall
be liable
to
you
or
any
third
party
relating
to
or resulting
from
your
use
of
or access
to
any
of
this material
or
any
errors
therein
or omissions
therefrom.
In
no event
shall
the aggregate
and collective
liability
of NASTT
and
its representatives
arising
out
or related
to
this material
exceed
$100.00.
Consult
a professional
before
making
any decisions
based
on
the contents
of
this material.
NASTT
equips
and empowers
its members
to thrive
in their
careers.
NASTT
provides
solutions
needed
to grow
expertise
and knowledge,
build
professional
networks,
advance
careers
and businesses,
save
time
and
money
and
stay informed
in
a changing
world.
TRENCHLESS
TECHNOLOGY
OVERVIEW
GUIDE: REHABILITATION
(07-09-25)
*Proper
engineering
evaluation
needs
to
be
done
on
each
project
individually
to confirm
feasibility
and applicability
for
each
specific
technology.
Technological
advancements
continue
every
year
and
this
is
a snap
shot
in time
for reference
perposes,
it
is important
to contact
your
local
NASTT
Chapter
for
more
market
secif
resources.
North
American
Society
for Trenchless
Technology
nastt.org